CH101 - The Second Century

The Spirit of Martyrdom
From the time when "godly men buried Stephen" after he was executed by the Jews, martyrs were treated with great respect. Martyrs, or "confessors," were believed to have a greater degree of grace from God. There were reports (although some might be considered questionable) that miracles were performed through martyrs: bones (relics) could be used for healing, confessors sitting in prison were reported to have heavenly visions and personal audience with the risen Lord - these could offer prayers of special power, and could even grant confirmation of God's forgiveness.

By the middle of the second century pockets of the Church had followers desiring martyrdom to the point of throwing themselves in the way of Roman officials, hoping to be selected for the "perfecting" of their faith, execution. This careless attitude had become commonplace enough that Clement of Alexandria urges believers not to offer themselves to their persecutors, but to flee.

Bishops of the second century found their authority being challenged by imprisoned confessors. People were flocking to imprisoned saints seeking empowered prayer and forgiveness for sins. During times of intense persecution many believers "lapsed" into various levels of their former sinful lives, then wanted to come back to the church. Each region had its own method of repentance, which typically depending on the local bishop. When lapsed believers started approaching, and gaining forgiveness through imprisoned confessors the authority of the bishop suffered.

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Second Century Church History Second Century Church History Roman Persecution of Christians Early Church Martyrs - Roman Empire Second Repentance - Hermas, Tertullian Apostolic Fathers - Justin, Ignatius, Barnabas 1 Clement, Didache, Barnabas, Ignatius, Polycarp

Second Century Christians and Heresies Heresies: Docetism, Marcion, Montanus Gnosticism - Nag Hammadi Texts Intro to Gnostic Writings Gnostic Writings - Nag Hammadi New Testament Canon - NT Canon Apostolic Fathers and Heresies Early Church Heresies

Second Century Christian Apologists Irenaeus Tertullian Justin Martyr Tertullian, Justin Martyr, Clement of Alexandria, Questions 2nd Century Church History How the NT was Formed New Testament Canon, Canonized Questions regarding Christian Issues Early Church Heresies

First Century Persecution 1st Century Persecution of Christians Gnosticism in the 1st Century Early Church Early Church History of Galations Early Christianity War and Conflict Early Christianity Constantine and War Important Issues in Early Christianity